Working Practices for Child Protection

Working Practices for Child Protection Christine Stanescu Analyse the working practices that are needed to ensure that adults and children are protected Children are full of energy and curiosity about their environment. When they are excited about a new experience, or see something they want to do, children may not think about any possible risks or dangers. We need to be able to recognise the challenges to the safety and well-being of children and young people how we work with, and help to minimise the risks, without taking away from the excitement of their activities. Any setting should have clear polices and procedures about all aspects of Heath and safety. All rooms and equipment used by children and young people should have regular checks to ensure that everything is working well and is safe. Some of this checks are required by law, for example, for electrical equipment must be checked by a qualified electrician every year. Nursery managers should make sure that health and safety checks are carried out as required. In a case of an accident, failure to check equipment could have serious implications. Many items that are used every day have been tested for safety by the British Standards Institution. An item with a BSI means that has independently tested and confirmed that the product complies with the relevant standard and safe and reliable. Supervision is key way in which we can keep children safe. Everyone who is responsible for children must know where they are and what they are doing at all times. Sometimes, adults perceive that supervision is about preventing children from doing things, but it can also be viewed positively, often supervised children can be encouraged to do more interesting and challenging activities. At the start of a session, some settings can become very busy. Parents may be dropping their children off, sometimes with siblings, and adults in the setting may be stretched because they are keeping an eye on the children who are already there while at the same time greeting children and their parents who are arriving. To avoid children wandering out, or staff not knowing which children have arrived, it is essential that all settings must have a register. Up-to-date register is essential in case there is a fire and must importantly to ensure that staff child ration are correct. It is important that we look for ways of reminding parents not to keep doors open or to let out any children other than their own. This is itself may not be adequate and so many settings also have doorbells or buzzers that indicate when a door has been left open or is being held open. In the same way that we must create systems to help children on arrival, so we must think about childrens safety as they leave the setting. Many of the systems that are put in place for when children arrive should also be followed when children leave. It is essential that children are not released into the care of someone who is not their parent or carer unless prior notification, preferably written, has ben given by the childs parent. Physical activities is essential for children of all ages as it helps to strengthen many parts of the body including to heart, lungs, bones and muscle. Physical activity is also linked to childrens need for stimulation. What children eat and drink has a important effect on childrens health. Children should have a majority of their calorie and nutrient intake at meal times. To help adult plan meal, the Food Standards Agency has produced the eatwell plate. This can be useful when considering the composition of a healthy meal. Hand washing is an essential activity that children need to learn. It needs to become part of the physical care routine so that children automatically wash their hands after going to the toilet, before meals and after playing outdoors. The setting should have writing provision for: accident records head lice sickness medication administration consent for, and the recording of, medicine administration food hygiene sun safety Some children have ongoing medical conditions or infections that are controlled by medication and so parents may ask to be administrate medicines. As medicines are a potential hazard procedures should be put in place to ensure that correct dosages are given and they are kept out of reach of children when not being administered. For any complains that arise as a result of an incident, correct and full documentation is imperative for both children and staff alike. Explain the various Heath and safety requirements needed for children attending the setting at the various different stages of child development Health and safety in the nursery environment requires adaptation for each different age group of children that are catered for in the setting. In every nursery, there are, in most circumstances, different rooms allocated for the various age groups enrolled. For example: babies for 6 weeks to 12 months young toddler for 12months to 2 years older toddlers for 2 years to 3 years pre-school for 3 years up to 5 years. Health and safety for babies in the nursery setting is concerned with scrupulous hygiene and a safe and secure room with clean, comfortable cots which are conform to the British Safety Standards. The baby room differs others in the nursery, as is a environment where many nurseries endeavour to create a home experience for the baby. This is achieved by incorporating homely furniture, mobile and brightly coloured posters. The health and safety implication for babies are concerned with hygiene, particularly surrounding the preparation of formula milk, nappy changing and application of barrier cream. Care must be taken by staff when making up baby milk to follow the instruction for making, storing and use of the made up milk. Baby milk may be made up in advance providing it is immediately cooled under running water then stored under refrigeration and used within 24 hours. Baby milk which has been made up in advance may be warmed gently in a jug of warm water immediately before given it to the baby. Un-finished bottles of feed must be discharged. It is very important that all the equipments used to feed and to prepare feeds for babies, has been throughly cleaned and sterilised before use. Cleaning and sterilising equipment removes harmful bacteria that could grow in the feed and make the babies ill. Some mothers who are breast-feeding their babies will bring in express milk either frozen or fresh to be used in bottles. The Department of Health recommend the following guidelines for storage: up to 5 days in the main part of a fridge at 4 grade C or lower up to 2 weeks in the freezer compartment of a fridge up to 6 months in a domestic freezer at minus 18 grade C or lower. Breast milk that has been frozen can be defrosted in the fridge and can be served straight from the fridge rather than warmed. The Heath and safety requirements for toddlers and pre-schools children different from babies, primarily because they are much more mobile and therefore different types of health and safety requirements apply. Measures to maximise protection for toddlers and pre-schoolers should include: safety covers for plug sockets secured windows which prohibit toddlers attempting to climb through them shatterproof film should be fitted to windows and any glass structures within the nursery building that may pose a shattering hazard doors should contain filled safety guards to prevent children from trapping their fingers kitchen and office areas should have safety gates which remain locked to prevent access to dangerous areas equipment should be safety and securely stored to prevent toddlers accessing materials that may injure them equipment should be age-appropriate and safe for toddlers. Indoor rooms should be 18-21grade C to avoid children becoming too hot. In worm weather, this temperature may be difficult to maintain and so extra fluids must be offered and children may be encourage to take off layers of clothing. The need for fresh air is about children having opportunities to breathe more oxygenated air. Indoors this means ensuring that is adequate ventilation, which also helps prevent the spread of airborne infections. Being outdoors in the fresh air seems to help children sleep and eat better. It is also means that children have access to sunlight which can support their intake of vitamins D. It is important to take measures to protect childrens skin from direct sunlight in the summer months, in order to prevent later skin cancer, but being out in the sunshine in the winter months is good for children. Light it is important to their health because it is linked to hormone regulation and this in turn can affect the sleeping patterns as well as the mood. The healthy development of babies and childrens brains requires that they must have opportunities for stimulation. This means providing play and activities as well as opportunities for sustained interaction and conversation with adults. Evaluate the various different procedures required to cover good hygiene within the nursery setting The nursery setting will have a policy and detailed procedures for infection control based on the advice from the Health Protection Agency. Hand washing is now of the most important ways of controlling and spread of infections, especially that cause diarrhoea and vomiting, and respiratory disease. The recommended method is the use of liquid soap, warm water and paper towels. Always wash hands after using toilet, before eating it handling food and after handling animals. All cuts and abrasions need to be cover with waterproof dressings. Coughing and sneezing easily spread infections. Children and adults should be encourage to cover their mouth and nose with a tissue. They need to wash hands after using or disposing of tissues. Spitting should be discourage. Personal protection equipment. Disposable non-powdered vinyl or latex-free CE-marked gloves and disposable plastic aprons must be worn where there is a risk of splashing or contamination with blood/body fluids. Goggles should also be available for use if there is a risk of slashing to the face. Cleaning of the environment, including toys and equipment, should be frequent, thorough and follow national guidance. Head lice spread by moving from one head to another. If there is an outbreak of head lice in the setting, it is important to inform parents so that everyone can check their hear. This includes the adults. It is also advisable for hair to be tied up wherever possible to prevent the spread. In the case of a child with a development of a illness, they should be discharged from the nursery setting as soon as possible. While the child is waiting to go home they should be isolated from this peers to minimise the risk of infection to other children. For a good hygiene in the nursery, it is necessary to briefly touch upon immunisation schedules to ensure protection from childhood disease. In situation where a childs immunisation scheme is not up-to-date parents should be encourage to contact their GP surgery to organise the immunisation that need to be carried out. In many settings, parents provide nappies for their children. Like many areas of physical care, this will be liked to parents preferences. Nappies need to be changed promptly and regularly so that babies do not develop a rash. It is important to carefully follow the procedures in the setting for changing nappies to prevent cross-infection. Disposable gloves and aprons should be worn and then take off when finished. This is to avoid any traces of urine or stools being passed to babies via the hands or clothes. Dirty nappies must be immediately disposed. The area where the baby is changed need to be cleaned throughly so that it is ready for the next change. Nappies should be changed in an area which is separate from areas in which food is eaten and prepared. It is essential that food is prepared, stored and cooked hygienically as gastrointestinal infection can be particularly dangerous for children due to their immature immune system which are susceptible to viruses and bacteria. There are three principles involved in the prevention of food poisoning caused by bacteria: prevent the bacteria from coming into contact with food prevent bacteria already present on food from multiplying and spreading to other items elimination of bacteria on food Preventing the bacteria from coming into contact with food is an important first step. The kitchen area must be kept clean and anyone handling foods must have good personal hygiene. The first step that should be taken before touching any food is to wash the wands with hot water and soap. Some raw products, such us meat, poultry and fish, are likely to contain bacteria. To prevent these bacteria from coming into contact with other foods, it is essential to use separate chopping boards and knives and also to wash hands after touching them. Food brought into the nursery for childrens packed lunches should be stored appropriately at the correct temperature. Cooked food should be checked to ensure that they are the correct temperature before being given to children. Identify the contents of a first aid kit, and discuss the importance of staff training in paediatric first aid First aid is the immediate response to someone with an injury or illness. First aid can prevent the injury on effects of the illness worsening. Children have accidents and may suddenly become ill and need help. We dont need to work in a childrens setting for long before we can be in a situation requiring someone with first aid knowledge and skills. Everyone who works with children should have paediatric first aid qualification. First aid certificates need to be renewed every 3 years from the completion date of the previous qualification. It is nursery manager responsibility to keep records which are regularly reviewed to ensure that staff receive training when it is required. Ofsted has certain requirements of anyone working in an early years setting, as regards their first aid skills. The responsibility of a paediatric first aider are simple. They need to: assess any situation in which a child appears to be ill or injured to: ensure own safety, and protect from any danger prevent further injury to the child prevent injury to other children provide care to a child who has suddenly become ill or injured until either medical help or an ambulance arrives the childs parent or carer arrives prevent the condition of the child becoming worse, if possible provide reassurance to the injured or Ill child and other children who may be involved in the area pass on information about the event or circumstance to the professional help or parents. First aid equipment, including personal protection, such as gloves and aprons, is only useful if we can identify it and use it appropriately. Wherever these are children, these should always a well-equipment first aid kit, kept in place where anyone needing it will quickly find it. A first aid kit should always be taken on outings away from the setting. The first aid kit should contain: disposable vinyl or latex-free gloves to protect first aiders hands from blood and other fluids scissors for cutting dressing and possibly clothing sterile gauze pads for covering small bleeding wounds adhesive tape for securing gauze pads large combined dressings for covering large wounds stretch bandage for holding dressing in place on body or limbs crepe bandage for supporting sprains to leg or ankle triangular bandage or sling for supporting arm or shoulder injury safety pins for fastening stings eye dressing for covering eye to protect it after injury or foreign body entry plasters for covering small cuts or grazes plastic bags to disposing soiled waste notepad and pen to making notes about the incident list of items in the first aid kit for checking the contents. References assessment 3 3.1 Personal experience Open study college, Nursery management level 3, study guide, page 47-52 3.2 Personal experience Open study college, Nursery management level, study guide, page 53 54 3.3 Personal experience Food hygiene course Open study college, Nursery management level 3, study guide, page 56 60

William Goldings Lord of the Flies :: Essays Papers

Lord of the Flies In the midst of a raging war, a plane evacuating a group of English boys from Britain is shot down over a deserted tropical island. Marooned, the boys set about electing a leader and finding a way to be rescued. They choose Ralph as their leader, and Ralph appoints Jack to be the leader of the hunters. Ralph, Jack, and Simon set off on an expedition to explore the island. When they return, Ralph declares that they must light a signal fire to attract the attention of passing ships. The boys begin to do so, using the lens from Piggy's eyeglasses to ignite dead wood, but they are more interested in playing than in paying close attention to their duties, and the fire quickly ignites the forest. A large swath of dead wood burns out of control. One of the youngest boys disappears, presumably having burned to death. At first, the boys enjoy their life without grown-ups. They splash in the lagoon and play games, though Ralph complains that they should be maintaining the signal fire and building huts for shelter. The hunters have trouble catching a pig, but Jack becomes increasingly preoccupied with the act of hunting. One day, a ship passes by on the horizon, and Ralph and Piggy notice, to their horror, that the signal fire has burned out; it had been the hunters' responsibility to maintain it. Furious, Ralph accosts Jack, but the hunter has just returned with his first kill, and all the boys seem gripped with a strange frenzy, reenacting the chase in a kind of wild dance. When Piggy criticizes him, Jack hits him across the face. Ralph blows the conch shell used to summon the boys and reprimands them in a speech intended to restore order. Yet there is a larger, more insidious problem than keeping the signal fire lit and overcoming the difficulties of hunting: the boys have started to become afraid. The littlest boys (known as "littluns") have been troubled by nightmares from the beginning, and more and more boys now believe that there is some sort of beast or monster lurking on the island. At the meeting, the older boys try to convince the others to think rationally: if there were a monster, where would it hide during the daytime? One of the littluns suggests that it hides in the sea, a proposition that terrifies the whole group.

Pros and cons of English being the international lingua franca Essay

English speakers in the world including those who are in the inner circle, outer circle and expanding circle had reached to 380 millions of people since 2001. The finding shows how influential English Language is. Gradually, English become the international lingua franca, â€Å"utilized outside of the country or countries of its origin.†( Subject Area – English Language Essays) The Lingua Franca There are both pros and cons of English becoming the international lingua franca. English is the best candidate language for lingua franca. Many countries take English as the second language, students learn English under the education system mandatorily. In this way, the percentage of the population had the standard level of understanding of English, which is a non-native language, is unprecedentedly large. Also, there are so many English Language media immersing in the world, for example movies, pop music, the American TV programmes and the internet etc. The high level of invasion of the Anglophone societies’ culture creates a platform for learners to enhance their English abilities, just by sitting in front of the computer. Learning English is as easy as this without having to go to an English speaking country. Under the fact that English is widespread in comparison to the most other languages, there is no doubt that English is the most suitable to be the international lingua franca. In addition, overcoming the language barriers is the potential benefit of English. Communications are difficult when people don’t have a common language. With English being the lingua franca, it is easier for people to disseminate ideas and also break down cultural boundaries that separate people apart at the same. Van Parijs who is a Professor at the Faculty of economic, social and political sciences of the University of Louvain, gives the example of the use of English by Belgians when discussing the separation of that country with the Dutch-speaking Flemish and the French-speaking Walloons. They choose to hold the conversation in English as they would like to show mutual respect to both the Flemish and Walloons, by not privileging some Belgians over one another. â€Å"With English as the lingua franca, instead  of having to choose a language that some of the participants in the conversation understand but not others, one can choose a language that leaves no one completely left out.† (Benjamin Studebaker), I totally agree with this statement. People can communicate only when they have a common language, with English a language the widespread and popular in the world, English propose a potential benefits to the world as a lingua franca. Despite the fact that English is beneficial for communication, there are drawbacks of English being the lingua franca. For institutionalized teaching of English in non-ENL countries, there are problems found. First, English grammar, vocabularies, pronunciation so on, serves as obstacles for students to learn completely standard English. â€Å"English grammar and verb conjugation is extremely irregular, requiring a considerable amount of rote memorization, instead of the application of logical and consistent rules† (Subject Area – English Language Essays The Lingua Franca) The above saying shows the difficult part of learning English, and it is true that we cannot create sentence in our own logic instead we do that in memorizing sentence patterns. Also, we won’t know all of the slangs that the American and the British use meanwhile we cannot avoid they speak those unknown slangs to us. The second drawback of English being the international lingua franca is that the dominance of the English language proposes a threat to our own language. Taking Hong Kong as an example, English is set to be the second language here, abilities of English usually come first than Chinese. Therefore, parents always place English a high place. When children’s result in English language is poor, they spend so much money on remedial classes. But if in the other way round, may be some parents won’t care. Gradually, students themselves cultivate that value that English language is much more important, and that Chinese language is being undervalued as a result. There are both pros and cons of English being the lingua franca, and the situation of English being the lingua franca is not changing in this few decades, all we can do is to explore those advantages and drawbacks and avoid the seriousness of the drawbacks deteriorating. Works Cited Profile of Van Parijs. University of Oxford. http://www.law.ox.ac.uk/profile/philippe.vanparijs. 14 Feb 2014 Benjamin Studebaker. English Lingua Franca. http://benjaminstudebaker.com/2013/05/20/english-lingua-franca/. 20 May 2013 â€Å"Subject Area – English Language Essays The Lingua Franca†. http://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-language/pdf/the-lingua-franca.pdf. 2006

What Is the Purpose of Education in the United States

What Is the Purpose of Education in the United States How to Find a Purpose for Education Nowadays more and more young people view education skeptically. With mass media glamorizing the idea of skipping school or dropping out of college, it might seem that education has no purpose indeed. It is difficult, consumes a lot of time and, in case of college, might cost you a fortune. However, all these drawbacks greatly overweight the benefits that education gives to young people. Learn four things you get from studying at school or college and you will understand the purpose of education. Building a Good Career Unless youre a genius who already has a plan for groundbreaking discoveries, a good career will become a possibility for you only with a sufficient academic background. Many people would speculate against the need for college giving examples of successful people who dropped out, but what they forget is that not everyone is exceptionally talented. College is an institution that wont show you the way but will teach you how to find it. It gives skills and information that youll be able to interpret in your own way and build a foundation of your unique self. So dont see college as a ticket to your successful future but view it as a means of learning which you need to build this future with your own hands. Enriching Knowledge Many students develop an aversion to studying if it involves cramming and learning things by heart. In reality, thats not what education is about. The purpose of education is in sparking your interest in new concepts, ideas, and practices, finding things that truly interest you and developing your knowledge. Sometimes you cant get away from cramming sessions, but in the end high quality education will teach you a lot of new information that you can apply later. Getting Deeper Insight of Life Whatever you study, you cant avoid incorporating the process of thinking. The more you think about different concepts and problems, the more you develop the understanding of the world that surrounds you. Even people who dislike college cant discredit the fact that college changes you as a person. Even if you find your professors incompatible and feel like youre not getting anything new, youre still developing as a personality, learning to think critically and make judgments based on the situation. Looking at the World Positively Only those people who know little about the world see solely negative things. The significance of education is that it teaches you to find good aspects even in those things that are deemed hopeless. With highly developed logical thinking and being able to gauge various situations clearly, you learn to see things from different perspectives and discover a lot more they have to offer. Thats something that totally changes your outlook and differentiates an educated person from an uneducated one. You might think that going to college is not worth the difficulties and hard work it involves, but in reality, those things are the best teachers. The purpose of education is in honing you into a better version of yourself.

Technological Transformation essays

Technological Transformation essays Throughout history, technological advances have always altered society. Elizabeth Schwartz Cowan argues in her book A Social History of American Technology that from the earliest times, technology has had significant impact on the social, economic and political makeup. This is not a new phenomenon that started with computers. For example, mass production, transportation and especially communications have greatly impacted the world. The Industrial Revolution, first originating in Great Britain, quickly was accepted in the U.S. where it flourished and took a significant new shape (Pursell 87) and became the American system of manufacturers. The whole purpose of this system was to transfer the product from the workers to the machines. Specialized machines could much more rapidly and efficiently mass produce parts used for such consumer goods as sewing machines, bicycles and typewriters. One thinks of Henry Fords assembly line when regarding mass production, but Pursell (91) explains that More than any other product, it was the bicycle that forged the link between early-nineteenth-century armory practice and early-twentieth-century mass production. In the 1890s, one company, alone, was producing 60,000 bikes a year. From a social standpoint, Americans started to become dependent on these machines that made life easier. Increasing numbers of people began living in the cities instead of on farms. Closer living arrangements, unfortunately led to epidemics. According to Wilentz (79), domestic service was also transformed. Hired help, as a domestic servant was called, had been a traditional worker in New England local communities. After the mid-1800s, a larger number of these workers were hired for the labor market, and service became a low-paid job. This bastardization of craft, as Wilentz calls it, eliminated the traditional world of craft workers and apprentices and radically ...

Sources of Revenues and Expenses for Sport Organizations Essay

Sources of Revenues and Expenses for Sport Organizations - Essay Example Other source of revenue that they have in common includes contributions from individuals, associations, corporations, foundations, or clubs. Being national organizations, the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Collegiate Table Tennis Association have grants from schools in the form of support from the university. Such school funds include both indirect and direct support from the university, for instance state funds and federal Work Study amounts for the athletes. In addition, it includes university-provided support, for instance, facility and grounds maintenance, administrative costs, security, utilities and risk management. The National Collegiate Athletic Association raises revenue from Game guarantees and game programs, National Collegiate Table Tennis Association from royalties while USA Triathlon Collegiate National Association from local media. Not-for-profit organizations like the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Collegiate Table Tennis Association also sells items for profit and ploughs it back into the organization. They also generated revenue in the form of sales of assets and inventory. In terms of expenses, all the three organizations pay salaries to their coaches and staffs, they have sponsorship programs, team expenses, purchase equipment and uniforms and general and administrative expenses. Sponsorship programs are sport-related aids. All of them contribute towards maintaining buildings, grounds and facilities (Masteralexis, 2014). In addition, they have medical expense/insurance in common for all of their stakeholders, coaching, staff and players. both the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Collegiate Table Tennis Association pays guarantees to other schools, pays game day and camp expenses and renders severance payments to their past staff and coaches. However, USA Triathlon Collegiate National Association has expenses such as incentive awards, essay

Manager Perspective on Aircraft Maintenance Essay

Manager Perspective on Aircraft Maintenance - Essay Example An FBO is principally known for the provision of support services to the general operators of aviation at a public airport that is located either on the airport leasehold property or even in a few cases, adjacent to the airport leasehold property like an operation of through the fence. In smaller airports that operate and serve general aviation in modest or far-flung societies or communities, the town itself might offer fuel services together with the operation of basic facility of FBO. Many operators of FBO that do business at moderate to high traffic volume airports are non-governmental organizations; that is either publicly or privately owned companies (Herman, 1968). The general objective of the activity of maintenance effort is ensuring availability of the aircraft that is required to meet the operational commitments. In addition, the Aircraft Maintenance Manager is fully responsible for the management of maintenance effort to accomplish this objective. The department of mainten ance organization also helps the manager of aviation maintenance in attaining this goal. Moreover, the maintenance administration offers the personnel accounting, the clerical roles that are associated with the administrative support and record keeping (Mirghani, 1996). The maintenance management consists of the management of aircraft, material, SE and personnel. The MDS (Maintenance Data System) can also help in all there functions. Business aviation allover the world, particularly in the United States has a desirable safety record, and a thorough regulatory structure that helps in keeping it in that manner. One of the fundamental requirements is that the operators of AOC have appointed post holders in key positions, and among them is the maintenance manager. Nevertheless, this critical role may be undertaken or performed by a licensed engineer, even though not necessarily. The engineering quality control, with the responsibility of maintaining airworthiness, contracts with complia nce and suppliers, the present-day maintenance manager should, above all these, be a very competent supervisor (Mirghani, 1996). For this feature, when those who are responsible for their company’s carriers maintenance are asked to tell about their duties, it is surprisingly found that nearly all of them have good relationships with their local managers, and very few troubles or problems with the requirements of EASA different from the sheer paperwork quantity. It is very possible for the maintenance manager of the aircraft manager to be the only member of staff dealing with the technical matters. Nonetheless, the hands-on maintenance will nearly always be performed by contracted corporations with proper approvals. Those who employ their own engineering staffs say that there are numerous qualified candidates available; implying that the issues of shortages of engineers are long gone (Herman, 1968). The department of aircraft maintenance at the airports helps in supporting nav al operations by conserving the aircrafts and the associated SE to the allotted maintenance level. Since all the activities involved in maintenance have similarities in management, operation and mission, these sections have standardized supervision and organization (Herman, 1968). The department of maintenance helps in the facilitation or enhancement of: Training and performance of the maintenance personnel; maintenance effectiveness and veracity for all material;